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Contentsthe internal organs i 2 2 7early anatomical studies 3 7 3 i head and brain 8 i i 4 7the alimentary and reproductory systems i 2 i 9 57muscles and skeleton 20 33 8ithe heart 34 38 i23comparative anatomy 39 42 i35human proportions 43 46 i43the nude 47 so i5i chronological table i63 glossary i64 table of concordance i65 bibliographical note i67 introduction these . Leonardo da vinci leonardo da vinci anatomical studies and drawings leonardos fascination with anatomical studies reveals a prevailing artistic interest of the time in his own treatise della pittura 1435 on painting theorist leon battista alberti urged painters to construct the human figure as it exists in nature supported by the skeleton and musculature and only then . Figure 20 leonardo da vinci manuscript b 74v 75r 1487 1489 pen and ink on paper 235 x 160 mm bibliotheque de linstitut de france paris kemp 201170 99 figure 21 leonardo da vinci codex on the flight of birds 8r 1490 1505 pen and ink on paper 210 x 150 mm biblioteca reale turin. Leonardo da vinci 1452 1519 was one of the leading artists of the high renaissancefifteen artworks are generally attributed either in whole or in large part to him however it is believed that he made many more only for them to be lost over the years or remain unidentified